Ballooning weight, irregular periods and trouble getting pregnant are red flags for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). It’s a serious metabolic disorder and one of the major causes of hormonally related infertility — affecting about 5 million women in the US. But the disorder remains largely undiagnosed and unknown. The complex genetic disease has long-term health risks throughout a woman’s lifespan, including obesity, diabetes and heart disease. New research shows men are also affected.