France is renowned the world over as a leader in the crafts of viticulture and winemaking — but the beginnings of French viniculture have been largely unknown, until now. Imported ancient Etruscan amphoras and a limestone press platform, discovered at the ancient port site of Lattara in southern France, have provided the earliest known biomolecular archaeological evidence of winemaking — and point to the beginnings of a Celtic or Gallic vinicultural industry in France circa 500-400 BCE.