Scientists have observed a phenomenon among a group of Atlantic orcas near the coast of Spain, where they appear to be learning from each other to target and collide with boats. This behaviour, referred to as “boat-surfing,” has been documented in at least 20 orcas since 2020.
These orcas primarily focus on smaller sailing boats, typically striking them from beneath, resulting in the boats losing control. While their intent does not seem to be harming the people on board, significant damage to the boats has occurred.
Researchers posit that this behaviour is spreading through the orca population via social learning, with younger orcas imitating their older counterparts. The motivation behind why the orcas are targeting boats remains uncertain. Some scientists speculate that they may be attempting to access food, such as fish caught on the boat’s lines, while others believe their actions are driven by curiosity and an attempt to interact with the vessels.
Regardless of the underlying reason, boat-surfing poses a serious challenge to sailors, causing considerable financial damage to their vessels and potentially putting individuals at risk.
Scientists are actively investigating this behaviour in order to comprehend it better and develop strategies to discourage orcas from targeting boats. They are also engaged in efforts to educate sailors about this behaviour, enabling them to take precautions.
Here are some recommendations for sailors to minimize the risk of being targeted by orcas:
- Avoid sailing in areas where orcas are known to be present.
- Maintain a safe distance from orcas if you encounter them and refrain from attempting to engage with them.
- If an orca approaches your boat, try to create an imposing presence, such as raising sails or standing up in the boat.
- Emit loud noises to deter orcas, either by banging on the boat or using a loudhailer.
In the event of an orca attack, remain composed and avoid sudden movements. Orca encounters are more likely to end peacefully if you do not appear threatening.
It’s crucial to bear in mind that orcas are wild animals with unpredictable behaviour. When sailing in areas inhabited by orcas, taking precautionary measures to safeguard yourself and your boat is essential.