A Massachusetts Institute of Technology professor won the $250,000 Turing Award, one of the most prestigious honors in computing, for helping to make computer programs more reliable, secure and easy to use. Only the second woman to win the prize, Barbara Liskov was honored Tuesday for pioneering new designs in computer languages that gird everyday digital applications. “Her exceptional achievements have leapt from the halls of academia to transform daily life around the world,” MIT Provost L. Rafael Reif said.